If you're building a new home in a rural area, chances are you'll need to install a septic tank. However, if you have always had city water and sewer, you may be unfamiliar with what a septic tank is and how it works. Here's everything you need to know about septic tanks and their installation for new home construction. 

What Is a Septic Tank?

A septic tank is a watertight concrete, fiberglass, or plastic chamber. It's typically buried underground and connected to your home's sewer system. Wastewater from your home flows into the septic tank, where it's treated naturally by bacteria. The treated water then flows out of the septic tank into a leach field or other drainage area before returning safely to the underground water supply.

How Does It Work?

A septic tank works by using naturally-occurring bacteria to break down waste. The process happens naturally and doesn't require electricity or other power sources. As the wastewater flows into the septic tank, the heaviest particles settle to the bottom, forming a sludge layer. The middle layer is composed of partially treated wastewater, and the lightest particles float to the top and form a scum layer.

How Do You Maintain a Septic Tank?

Over time, the bacteria will break down the solid waste. The process happens slowly, so it's important to have your septic tank pumped every 3-5 years to remove any accumulated sludge. If the sludge isn't removed, it can eventually overflow the septic tank, clogging up the drainage pipes and causing your system to fail.

You should also regularly inspect your system for leaks, clogs, or other problems. This can be done at the same time the septic tank is pumped out. If you notice any issues between pumping, like gurgling noises in your sink or toilet or a strong odor of sewage, call a professional right away to avoid damaging your system.

Additionally, avoid planting trees or shrubs near your leach field because their roots can damage or clog your drainage pipes, and do not park vehicles over your leach field or septic tank. Their weight can compact the soil and damage pipes or other components.

Installing a septic tank is an important part of building a new home, but it can seem daunting if you don't know much about them. Talk to your builder or general contractor about the ins and outs of septic tank installation in your area today.

Reach out to a company like Richardson Grading And Septic to learn more.